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Determinants of Tcrb V segment utilization [Immunology] 20 Aug 2013 | 09:44 pm
The primary antigen receptor repertoire is sculpted by the process of V(D)J recombination, which must strike a balance between diversification and favoring gene segments with specialized functions. Th...
Gfi1 in thymic Treg generation [Immunology] 20 Aug 2013 | 09:44 pm
Foxp3+ regulatory T (Treg) cells are essential for the maintenance of self-tolerance and immune homeostasis. The majority of Treg cells is generated in the thymus as a specific subset of CD4+ T cells,...
IRF3 represses IL-17 in CD8 T cells [Immunology] 20 Aug 2013 | 09:44 pm
IFN regulatory factor (IRF) 3 plays a key role in innate responses against viruses. Herein we assessed its contribution to T-cell activation. We observed that poly(I:C)-induced IRF3 activation in CD8 ...
Designing conditionals by inversion [Genetics] 20 Aug 2013 | 09:44 pm
Conditional mutagenesis is becoming a method of choice for studying gene function, but constructing conditional alleles is often laborious, limited by target gene structure, and at times, prone to inc...
Deleterious mutations as stepping stones [Evolution] 20 Aug 2013 | 09:44 pm
Many evolutionary studies assume that deleterious mutations necessarily impede adaptive evolution. However, a later mutation that is conditionally beneficial may interact with a deleterious predecesso...
BIG1 and BIG2 regulate myosin IIA activity [Cell Biology] 20 Aug 2013 | 09:44 pm
Brefeldin A-inhibited guanine nucleotide-exchange factors BIG1 and BIG2 activate, through their Sec7 domains, ADP ribosylation factors (Arfs) by accelerating the replacement of Arf-bound GDP with GTP ...
ER GalNAc-Ts promote cancer invasiveness [Cell Biology] 20 Aug 2013 | 09:44 pm
Invasiveness underlies cancer aggressiveness and is a hallmark of malignancy. Most malignant tumors have elevated levels of Tn, an O-GalNAc glycan. Mechanisms underlying Tn up-regulation and its effec...
Of men, not mice, and inflammation [Biological Sciences] 20 Aug 2013 | 09:44 pm
We appreciate the comments of Cauwels et al. (1) regarding our recent publication (2). Cauwels et al. cite the use of anti-TNF treatment for rheumatoid arthritis and inflammatory bowel disease and the...
Of mice, men, and inflammation [Biological Sciences] 20 Aug 2013 | 09:44 pm
In PNAS, Seok et al. advocate against relying on mouse models to study human inflammatory diseases, because genomic responses in human and mouse leukocytes correlate poorly (1). We fully agree with th...
Dictyostelium Ric8 is not a chaperone [Biological Sciences] 20 Aug 2013 | 09:44 pm
In our recent paper, we conclude that Dictyostelium Ric8 is as a nonreceptor guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) for the Gα protein important for amplification of G protein–coupled receptor (GPCR...
